Thai Financial Crisis Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 936 Downloads: 3 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Argumentative essay Did you like this example? Before financial crisis South East Asian countries had undergone some of the most magnificient economic growth rates worldwide. However, between 1997 and 1998 the tiger economies of South East Asian are badly impacted by a financial crisis. Thailand was the first country influenced by the financial crisis when Thai baht dramatically fall down in value in July 1997 which affected the other countries and resulted in economic downturns in several countries. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Thai Financial Crisis Essay Online For Free" essay for you Create order Due to the time limitation, This paper can only try to focus on a specific country which is Thailand by explaining the causes of Thai financial crisis. Then the possible consequences of financial crisis on Thai economy are analysed. Finally, this paper come up with recovery strategies and some implications for this implementations. 3. Causes of Thai financial crisis This section seeks to identify some of the underlying factors that made Thailand susceptible to financial crisis. 3.1. Large current account deficits Thailand had a large current account deficit ranging from -2.0 to to -14.4% of GDP. These deficits caused country to rely heavily on external borrowing( Thammavit, 1998) 1995 1996 1997 % of GDP (%) US dollars ($ billions) % of GDP (%) US dollars ($ billions) % of GDP (%) US dollars ($ billions) -7.9 -13.2 -7.9 -14.4 -2.0 -3.0 Sources: IMF, World Economic Outlook, May 1998 table 10 October 1998 table 2.11 3.2 Overdependence on external debts Secondly, excessive external debt, in 1997 the International Monetary Fund (IMF) estimated that Thailands external debt was about $U.S.99 billion about 55% of GDP. The majority of this debt was privately incurred and this large external debt sharply lifted the countrys debt service ratio from 11.4 percent in 1994 to 15.5 percent in 1997 ( Thammavit, 1998). Domestic borrowers were eager to go off-shore to borrow because this money was cheaper and the fixed exchange rate regime made people think that there was no currency risk.Thai corporate borrowers discovered they could borrow at an interest rate of 5-8% instead of paying more than 13% when borrowing domestically. They could even earn money simply by borrowing abroad and depositing the bath in Thailand. Even borrowers with sound business businesses would raise capital abroad to finance industrial development, excessive leverage in financial market is most often the cause of extreme booms and crashes. 3.3. Liberalisation of international capital flows The collaspe of the property sector that began to boom in the late 1980s. With the liberalisation of international capital flows in 1993 this capital grew rapidly. By 1995, an oversupply of housing emerged, expanding int a major problem.With loans increasingly becoming more expensive and hard to get under the Bank of Thailands squeeze on lending, the property sector began to collaspe in 1996. The property sectors debts totalled around 1,000 billion baht in 1996. The slump in the property sales market and lending squeeze worsened developerscash flow troubles and defaults on interest payments. As a consequence many finance companies and small banks faced liquidity problems, with 16 finance companies suspended in June 1997, and another 42 in August 1997. By December 1997, 56 finance companies were closed permanently. 3.4. Exchange rate mismanagement With a fixed exchange rate and the liberalisation of internatioanl capital flows, foreign money poured into Thailand between 1993 and 1996. As a result the Thai baht became overvalued against other currencies, partly slowing down growth in exports in 1996, however, the Bank of Thailand continued to peg the baht to a basket of currencies in which the U.S. dollar had a significant influence. Speculators attatcked the baht in February and May 1997 and in order to defend the currency the Bank of Thailand used official foreign reserves. The net result being that official foreign reserves fell from $U.S.39 billion in January 1997 to $U.S.32.4 billion in June 1997. In July 1997, the Bank of Thailand had to replace the fixed exchange rate with a managed float, as it could no longer tap the reserves. The exchange rate for the bath had fallen steadily since 25.8 baht to the $U.S. to around 40 Baht to the $U.S. currently, with the Baht reaching 50 Baht to the $U.S before settling at its curre nt level. The mismanagement of the exchange rate system has been cited as evidence of central bank incompetence(Thammavit, 1998). 3.5. Overinflated asset prices In Thailand the property market was the main weakness of the financial sector. Thai banks had loaned funds to non-bank financial institutions, which in turn advanced loans to property market investors. It is estimated that a quarter of bank loans in Thailand was ultimately made, sometimes through intermediaries, for property-related investments. Speculators purchased property because they expected the price of the property to rise in the near future. Their increased purchasing of the property caused the price of the property rise, which caused even more speculative buying. When it became obvious that the current price greatly exceeded the real value of the property, speculators quickly sold, causing the price to collaspe- the bubble burst (Leightner 1999) 4. Consequences Secondly, The stock markets experience a sharp fall because the level of any stock market is ultimately dependent upon the prospects for continued earnings/profits of the companies listed on the market. In periods when economic problems are taking place, stock markets would tend to fall to reflect the lower expected profits. The third effect of financial crisis was that interest rats increased significantly. Because of loss of confidence in Thai economy, most investors move their investment overseas which results on a decrease in the money supply, thus, raising market interest rates and diminishing te funds for borrowing throughtout the economy. In addition to market response, the monetary authorities may raise rates further in an effort to prevent further, continuous depreciation of the currency. Although they may be necessary to prevent stricken currencies going into free-fall, one effect of higher interest rates is to reinforce the deflationary pressures squeezing the domesti c economy.

Genome Editing Essay - 1614 Words

Genome editing of germ line cells using CRISPR/Cas9 system Recent studies suggest that genome editing of germ line cells is an effective strategy for mutated gene correction in sperms and oocytes for the inhibition of onset of inherited disorder. The first time, germ line genome editing in human by CRISPR/Cas9 system , was carried out to correct mutation of HBB (Beta globin) gene in zygote of ÃŽ ²-thalassemia patients by homologous DNA recombination (HDR) [80, 81]. Embryonic genome editing utilized in the treatment of such monogenic diseases prior to birth is a rational use of embryonic genome editing in germ line cells. Homologous DNA recombination by traditional gene editing techniques in mammalian eggs has a low rate (10%) in term of†¦show more content†¦Because PGD usually is carried out by gametes prepared from parents. But parents who is confirmed by PGD to have a high risk of transmition of inherited genetic mutation to their children and want to have their own children, their gametes can be edited directly by Crisper/ca s9 to create healthy children.Nowdays germ line genome editing by programmable nuclease such as Crisper/cas9 is the most useful tool to treat genetic diseases with high risk of inheritance mutation transmition. Unresolved ethical problems still exist and are the main reason for delay onset of clinical trials in this field. Large animal models can be utilized for a variety of monogenic diseases, particularly monogenic neurological disorders like HD and Duchene muscular dystrophy) DMD (. Specificity, efficacy, and side effects of germ line genome editing technology should be assessed by animal models before entering clinical trials. Generating mammalian models of neurodegenerative diseases using CRISPR/Cas9 Cas9 has been well studied. It belongs to the class II CRISPR/Cas system which is the main protein involved in small interfering CRISPR RNA (crRNA). CRISPR RNA often leads to the silencing of invader viruses and plasmids [72, 85]. Several in vitro surveys have shown that Cas9 is guided by gRNA composed of chimeric RNA. Chimeric RNA is composed of crRNA and tracrRNA. They are sufficient toShow MoreRelatedGenome Editing Essay790 Words   |  4 PagesIntroduction Genome editing is a huge leap forward in science and medicine. Because of recent advances in technology, the study of genes and induced ‘point’ mutations have led to the discovery and advancement of methods previously used in order to mutate genes. The development of Clusters of Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPRs) and CRISPR associated system 9 protein (Cas9) technology is a hugely significant leap forward as this is a tool that could potentially be used for theRead MoreEssay On Genome Editing943 Words   |  4 PagesThere still needs much to be done such as researching the appropriate risks and benefits for the clinical trials (Sciences Engineering medicine (20--). It is rapidly growing and increasing by making heritable genome editing of the embryo, egg, and sperm in the hopeful future (Sciences Engineering medicine (20--) It is very likely to be many years before CRISPR-cas9 is used in human beings. The main attention is drawn towards animal mod els or isolated human cells (CRIPSR 20--). The purpose of thisRead MoreThe Human Genome Is Not Just A Black And White Decision Essay1598 Words   |  7 PagesOpposing Views Essay Genetically modifying the human genome is a topic that has been discussed for several decades, but just recently it is becoming a reality. Through many advancements of technology, the CRISPR method has emerged, and it is providing the opportunity for genetically modifying the human genome to take off. However, allowing the use of the CRISPR method is not just a black and white decision. Modifying the human genome is a hot debate in the science and medical fields todays. ArgumentsRead MoreSynthesis Essay On Genetic Technology718 Words   |  3 PagesGenetic Technologies Essay CRISPR Cas9 technology should be used to modify human and embryonic DNA. I support this claim because if we have the technology of CRISPR Cas9 and all of the advantages it entails to help people who want to have healthy children and to stop the inheritance of deadly genetic diseases, we should. CRISPR Cas9 has many advantages, but it has generated a lot of excitement in the scientific community because it is faster, cheaper, more accurate, and more efficient than otherRead MoreRecent Developments Of Gene Editing Technology And Their Potential Applications For Plants And Agriculture1338 Words   |  6 Pagesof money and resources. In this essay I will be discussing the recent developments in gene editing technology and their potential applications to plants and agriculture. The Basic Concept DNA codes for protein sequences. Proteins are crucial in all cellular activities and govern the phenotypes of organisms (Campbell et al., 2014). New techniques have been developed in which mutations can be induced in specific loci within DNA, this process is known as Gene editing. DNA is removed, replaced or editedRead MoreGenetic Engineering Technology1689 Words   |  7 PagesModern genetic engineering technologies are advancing, and genetically modifying a genome is becoming a reality. The Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and CRISPR-associated system (CAS9) genome editing system is the most advanced in use. CRISPR can edit a genome more accurately and with higher precision than any other system. The intended use of the CRISPR/CAS9 system is to insert a gene, delete a gene, or silence a gene, leading to powerful applications (ChristensenRead MoreApplication Of Crispr Cas System1003 Words   |  5 Pageseliminating this problem (Roberts, 2015, URL :http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/health-34506572). This essay will prove that CRISPR is highly effective and economic in reducing PERVs by further discussing the theory behind and the application of CRISPR Cas system in porcine cells. CRISPR Cas system is a crucial adaptive immune system in prokaryotic to protect them against virus and other foreign genome by degrading the genome (Jiang et al., 2015). CRISPR locus is essential in CRISPR Cas system which is a gene includingRead MoreRecent Developments In Gene Editing, Concerning The Modification1447 Words   |  6 PagesRecent developments in gene editing, concerning the modification of embryonic cells and its’ usefulness since the discovery of iPS cells Abstract This essay addresses the question â€Å"In light of the recent developments with iPS cells, is the genetic modification of human embryos justified?†. New gene editing software CRISPR has created cheaper and more accurate modification, making the editing of an embryo a possibility. There are concerns about this advancementRead MoreHIV : Useful Treatments For Infecting HIV807 Words   |  4 Pagesgetting people treatment according to UNAIDS1. However, a cure has not been found. With a rapidly changing virus, it will be hard to definitively create a cure anytime soon. However, there are a few new ways of treating the virus already infecting genomes of many people. These treatments will work with the current methods being used and will not be an alternative to them. The main treatments that will be discussed are the current Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy (HAART), and the new CRISPR/CAS9Read MoreThe Future Of Genetic Modification Essay1481 Words   |  6 Pagescreating an e ffective, purposeful bridge. No one likes a rickety bridge that sways precariously in the wind or, perhaps worse, a grand bridge to nowhere. The kind of engineering needed for our policy bridges of the future is genetic in nature. Gene editing used to be a relatively painful and laborious process until the development of CRISPR. In short (and seriously abridging the complex science), CRISPR stands for â€Å"Clustered Regularly-Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats† and are segments of genetic

Hidden Answers to Good Research Essay Topics to Write about Revealed

Hidden Answers to Good Research Essay Topics to Write about Revealed The Basics of Good Research Essay Topics to Write about Since you may see, there's a plethora of different argumentative paper titles it is possible to utilize. Before you commence writing a single word of your paper, you first will need to understand what your thesis will be. So, you've realized that you're prepared to compose your research paper. Understanding how to compose a strong argumentative paper will help you advance your very own argumentative thinking. By way of example, in college, you might be requested to compose a paper from the opposing perspective. The success of a research paper mostly is contingent on the topic, which is why many of time is spent searching for the best research paper topics for college students. For some students, a choice of topic is the easiest part. So you will need to scale down to be certain that you will be in a position to perform a research within a limited ti me period. It's better to start whenever possible. Planning Time-management is critical for you once you will complete this kind of extensive work as an argumentative essay. Research papers are trying, but in addition they have the capacity to be somewhat rewarding. Additionally, a thesis doesn't need to be one sentence. The topics for argumentative essays are frequently quite self-explanatory they're common understanding. It's especially frustrating if you haven't any idea how to compose an effective persuasive essay. You're able to define a notion in your short essay. An excellent way to begin a college essay writing is to write about something or somebody you admire. An essay is simply a string of thoughts which were put in order to earn a coherent idea. In an expository essay, you're attempting to spell out how something works or why you think that it's an excellent idea. Steer clear of these mistakes to produce your research paper really brilliant! You want to do a research and present the procedure and ends in a well-organized method. You should begin with your research. You ought to do an in-depth research working with the selection of accurate sources which were approved by your professor. Your essay may center on gender issues from different regions of the world such as women rights in the Middle East and so forth. You've got to convince yourself before you're able to attempt to convince others. Everybody knows that writing is hard. If you're writing about social problems, you will typically be writing about the way the topic affects larger groups of people, including how poverty affects a whole generation. Who Else Wants to Learn About Good Research Essay Topics to Write about? If you're confused with a number of interesting topics to research on the web, it's far better to choose what interests you the most. Without a suitable content, great research paper topics are not going to make sense. Not all research paper topics are made equal, and you would like to make certain you pick a fantastic topic before you commence writing. It's possible to opt for an intriguing topic from any area of science. The Ideal Strategy to Good Research Essay Topics to Write about If you wish to compose a fantastic history essay you'd better pick a topic that is familiar to you. If you enjoy the subject of your history essay, you will delight in doing research for it. Researching the topic permits you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you truly like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. Selecting the correct essay topic can at times be rather tricky. You don't need to find super technical with legal argumentative essays, but make sure you do your homework on what the recent laws about your favorite topic actually say. Therefore, the above told six position essay topics will allow you to compose a very good piece to position essay, but be sure whatever topic you're selecting isn't hard to understand and on which you are in possession of a good understanding, otherwise you won't be in a position to create sturdy arguments. In case the topic is too narrow, you might find it difficult to locate the appropriate literature. Quite frequently, the ideal topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get well prepared to research it. The option of compare and contrast essay topics isn't a simple task because you have to demonstrate your analytical skills. The collection of the topic should depend on your interest because it's essential that you maintain your interest throughout the technology essays writing. One particular important and appropriate subject is technology. When you've chosen one subject from the reach of expository essay topics, it's time to begin writing. The Appeal of Good Research Essay Topics to Write about Comparison essay is regarded as one of the most usually assigned English papers. Quotes are rather important. What Does Good Research Essay Topics to Write about Mean? The most frequently encountered paper writing service that the majority of our clients require is essay writing. Be alert to your instructor's requirements Before you decide on a topic, you should request detailed instructions. You have to conduct extensive studying to finish your work in accordance with all the requirements. If you're struggling, you always have the option to obtain help by utilizing an essay writing service such as ours. The very first thing you ought to create a great thesis is you ought to figure out your primary arguments, which you've done while working on your topic. To the contrary, you might not have been provided a specific topic in any respect. An excellent idea is to pick a topic associated with your previous experience because your readers will be impressed how well-informed you're. Maybe you simply do not know the subject well enough, and that's the reason you cannot locate the idea for your history essay.

Health Care and Strong Organizational Image Essay Example For Students

Health Care and Strong Organizational Image Essay Health Care and Strong Organizational Image BY ntk018 Homework Chapter 12 Open-Ended Questions 1 . Describe how MinuteClinic puts the following promotion strategies to work for them: stressing tangible cues, using personal information sources, creating a strong organizational image, and engaging in post-purchase communication. What else could they try? MinuteClinic has managed to implement a variety of promotional strategies along time. Within the tangible cues we can find the physical evidence of the service such as the team of experts who are the nurse practitioners and physician assistants. Also they created a childrens area during the flu crisis of Minnesota and implemented to their facilities televisions, coloring books, and videos. The personal information source in this case can be seen in the individualized attention the team of experts is providing to patients. Minuteclinic has successfully created a strong organizational image by performing the best quality service as they differentiate for working long hours, and providing a quick service. Finally, by engaging in a post purchase communication MinuteClinic is able to keep track of their patients through their lectronic records. They could try to build long term relationships with their customers by following up with them and keeping in touch through calls and e- mails. 2. Are MinuteClinics services customized or standardized for patients? Do they incorporate any elements of mass customization? -MinuteClinic is a health care center which is in charge of solving minor ailments; however this does not mean all patients come for the same reasons. This is why MinuteClinics services are considered to be customized for patients with different needs. At the same time, MinuteClinic also provides a standardized service as they deliver a same service, and have a standard price. Yes, MinuteClinic does incorporate elements of mass customization as they keep electronic records of each patient. 3. In what way did MinuteClinic demonstrate reliability and responsiveness during the flu outbreak in Minnesota? How did it impress customers with tangible physical evidence that the clinics cared about them? MinuteClinic demonstrated reliability and responsiveness very quickly as the outbreak in Minnesota rapidly created a huge demand for flu shots. MinuteClinic quickly put a plan in place to address the crisis. Instead of boosting staff at all facilities in the Minneapolis area, the company chose a hub-and-spoke approach for better inventory control, offering the shots in only eight MinuteClinic locations. This effectively shows their ability to respond immediately to unexpected events and ultimately reflect their willingness to help by creating an image of reliability. They also impressed patients by creating childrens areas to make the wait easier for families, adding televisions, videos, and coloring books to keep ellness of their community. . How important has MinuteClinics place (distribution) strategy been to the companys success? Which elements does MinuteClinic focus on with its marketing mix? Why? -The distribution strategy they decided to implement played very well in their advantage. As a 2006 Harris Interactive poll reported that 92 percent of the people who visited a retail clinic were satisfied with its convenienc e. MinuteClinic focuses on all elements: Price: they offer low prices services, compared to how much a patient will pay by visiting their usual doctor. Place: They have opened over 600 locations. They have successfully located themselves in one of the most biggest and famous pharmacy, CVS, in the US, assuring their long run success. Product: They have found a need and came up with a solution. By offering medical care services with standardized prices and quick assistance, MinuteClinic has accomplished success. Promotion: they have promoted the efficiency of their workers to create a reliable and credible environment. True or False questions 1. A key factor influencing the selection ofa retail-based health clinic is convenience. The demand for health services in the United States is expected to drop off sharply within the next ten years as Baby Boomers age. 3. Health services such as those provided by MinuteClinic tend to exhibit more experience and credence qualities than goods sold in the drugstore. 4. MinuteClinics services are sold, produced, and consumed at the same time, which is an example of the heterogeneity of its services versus goods. 5. When nurse practitioners follow up with patients with postcard surveys, telephone calls, or brochures, they are engaging in postpurchase communication. MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c , .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .postImageUrl , .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c , .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c:hover , .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c:visited , .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c:active { border:0!important; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c:active , .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua5c709b5f27bfdc2767f005889168a2c:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Grace And Sin EssayThe basic difference between selling a healthcare service at MinuteClinic and selling a Band-Aid at the drugstore is that healthcare services are performances. a. tangible b. intangible responsive standardized operations oriented 2. MinuteClinics services belong in which of the following categories? a. people processing possession processing mental stimulus processing d. information processing All of the above 3. Evaluating the quality of medical services at MinuteClinic may be difficult for a patient before or after being treated because services tend to exhibit fewer ualities. . search experience credence 4. A nurse practitioner that addresses a patien t by name and offers caring, individualized attention during his visit is practicing the service quality known as a. reliability. responsiveness. assurance. empathy. tangibles. 5. If MinuteClinic hired Patrick Dempsey, who plays a doctor on Greys Anatomy, to appear in commercials for them, they would be engaging in which type of promotion strategy? a. stressing tangible cues using personal information sources creating a strong organizational image engaging in post-purchase communications